What they want
Initiated a phase 3 clinical trial of adjuvant pembrolizumab post-cystectomy in patients with high-risk muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and upper tract. Patients were randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive pembrolizumab at a dose of 200 mg every 3 weeks for 1 year or to undergo observation. Randomization was stratified according to pathological stage, centrally tested programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) status, and previous neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The coprimary end points were disease-free survival and overall survival in the intention-to-treat population. The trial was considered successful if either disease-free survival or overall survival was significantly longer with pembrolizumab than with observation.
Technical requirements
- Pembrolizumab at a dose of 200 mg every 3 weeks for 1 year
- Randomization stratified by pathological stage, centrally tested PD-L1 status, and previous neoadjuvant chemotherapy