Summary
Project Summary The long-term objectives are to develop and validate rat models of disease that allow investigators to measure the differential effects of XX and XY sex chromosomes that protect from or exacerbate disease. Most human diseases occur differently in males and females, indicating that one sex is protected or vulnerable because of factors that are inherently different in the two sexes. Understanding the mechanisms of protection or vulnerability involves isolating different molecular pathways causing greater or less protection. Sex chromosomes (XX vs. XY) are one major source of sex
